The city is located in the north-east of the province of Buenos Aires, 200 km from Buenos Aires city, within the so-called Industrial Corridor that goes from Rosario to La Plata. Its limits are: to the west, Arrecifes; to the south, San Pedro; to the east, with the Paraná River, which separates it from the province of Entre Ríos; and to the north, San Nicolás. Its main accesses are in the north-south axis: the Rosario-Buenos Aires Highway.

Ramallo has an important port on the Paraná, able to service large cargo ships. The railway system has passenger and cargo stations, the latter reaching up to the port.